据说正常人只能利用到2%左右的大脑能力，而世界上大脑利用率最高的是爱因斯坦，达到了10%。
要如何才能提高大脑利用率，是现在很多科学家在研究的问题。我关于这个问题有和学习成绩一样的观点。
我一直认为学生的学习成绩和他所就读的学校有很大的关系。比如在XX二中就读的学生中就没有人能取得过高分，而在华师附中就读的学生却基本上都能考上重点大学。是因为XX二中的每个学生都比华师附中的笨吗？我不认为是这样。我觉得造成这种结果的更多的是学校的环境—老师的教学水平，学校的学习气氛，学校的教学设备。不相信送几在XX二中的在校学生到华师附中去，送几个华师附中的学生去二中去，让他们交换学校环境之后再学习几年，我想他们的结果成绩就能证明我的话。
关于人的大脑利用率也相似。为什么我们人的大脑利用率才达到2%左右？这是因为我们生存的环境 —— 物质环境和社会环境造成的。
我们自出生就生活在这样一群大脑利用率只有2%的人类中间，我们接受的各种各样的来自他们教导的人类社会中 —— 我们从他们那里学叫“妈妈”，学走路，学数学，学物理，学经商，学习生儿育女—当我们不知不觉地学习他们含辛茹苦地传授我们的做人技能时我们终于成了他们 —— 一群大脑利用率只有2%的人类。于是我们开始将我们所接受的传给下一代。“叫妈妈，叫妈妈。。。”
但人类还是会不甘于2%，于是我们开始开发我们的大脑。于是我们一齐开始运动我们的左手，去开发我们的右脑。不可否认这是人类的一大进步。因为他们在朝4%的大脑利用率前进。用久了左手于是开始想到了右手，但这花费了几万年的进化时间。
要改变大脑的利用率，我想我们一定要做的是改变人类的生活。但我们的生活方式是如此这深厚的经验积累！为了开发大脑人类想到的除了右手，想到的也只是左手了吗？人类能想到的只是手吗？为什么不用去开发我们双脚，耳朵，眼睛甚至是眉毛呢？因为这些想法大离奇了，人们一般不会接受和他们传续了几万年的思想差距太大的观念。人类将坚守自已觉得安全的习惯。
要使大脑的利率用变高，就要从人类的旧思想中跳离出来。像爱因斯坦一样 ——- 说时间是可以长可以短的，说物体的质量是随速度改变的，说空间是弯曲的。。。他和我们的不一样还不仅限于他的理论让生活在地球上几万年的人类一头雾水，而且还体现在他的发型和着装打扮上：头发和胡子可向四面自然地生长，人可以套在号码比自己的尺寸大N号的大衣下面，在大街上可以穿着卧室的拖鞋。。。
做为人类来讲爱因斯坦是成功的。因为现在大家一般会认同他是一个伟人的观点。但我知道当时他夹杂在人类之间是多么的危险。因为如果当时没有适时的实验证明他的理论的正确时，他一定将在神经病院中安祥地渡过一生 —— 且没有人知道这个可怜的病人的存在。因为人类是如此地反感或同情那些和人类意见不一的单体。
如果有人老是说些离奇的话，或做些让大多数人所不能理解的事 —— 就像有某女士结婚N年后没得子有人就开始说她有病一样，我们就会开始说当事者发神经了。许多出了名哲学家和科学家生前的行为都是很古怪的，但我相信他们是幸运的，因为不幸的已经被关在了经神病院！
人类的大脑利用率可以达到10%，但是需要那个人像爱因斯坦那样“古怪”！但我想人类终也只能到10%，因为爱因斯坦虽然古怪，但也终是一个“人”。
我一直在想人是不是自一生下来就被注定非成为一个人不可？“叫妈妈，叫妈妈。。”！我们是不是一定要被人类这样一步一步教育成为他们的同类？我们有关于利用我们无穷大脑的方法是不是从用这一句“叫妈妈”开始就进入误区了？
我不知道婴儿通过和我们本来几万年生活方式从根本上不同地养育（如送给火星人，如送到一群大脑利用率平均65.77%的新人类）之后会变成什么，但我相信当我们的大脑使用率和现在的2%差距很大时我们一定再也不是“人类”。
附：我所估计的当前“人”大脑利用率和所属种族对照表。
<=1.5%：弱智
1.5%-2.5%：凡人
2.5%-2.9%：疯子
3.0%-5.0%：伟人
5.0%-10.0%：超级伟人
10.0%-30.0%：术士
30.0%-99.9%：神仙
100.0%：自爆机器
本文写于:2004年2月14日
可以转载， 转载请用链接表明出处。本文链接： http://www.cslog.cn/Content/brain-usage
16进制到10进制:
>> "B0A0".hex
=> 45216
或
>> "B0A0".to_i(16)
=> 45216
10进制到16进制:
>> 45216.to_s(16)
=> "b0a0"
I have not failed. I’ve just found 10,000 ways that won’t work.
– Thomas A. Edison
Look for the ridiculous in everything and you will find it.
– Jules Renard
Failure is not the only punishment for laziness; there is also the success of others.
– Jules Renard
There is no excellent beauty that hath not some strangeness in the proportion.
– Sir Francis Bacon
When you look at yourself from a universal standpoint, something inside always reminds or informs you that there are bigger and better things to worry about.
– Albert Einstein
Character is what you have left when you’ve lost everything you can lose.
– Evan Esar
A goal is a dream with a deadline.
The time to stop talking is when the other person nods his head affirmatively but says nothing.
– Henry S. Haskins
Efficiency is intelligent laziness.
– Anonymous
The public is wonderfully tolerant. It forgives everything except genius.
– Oscar Wilde
I’m kind of jealous of the life I’m supposedly leading.
– Zach Braff
Nothing is as simple as we hope it will be.
– Jim Horning
If the human mind was simple enough to understand, we’d be too simple to understand it.
– Emerson Pugh
An intellectual is a person who has discovered something more interesting than sex.
– Aldous Huxley
Education is the ability to listen to almost anything without losing your temper or your self-confidence.
– Robert Frost
The only paradise is paradise lost.
– Marcel Proust
Laughter and tears are both responses to frustration and exhaustion. I myself prefer to laugh, since there is less cleaning up to do afterward.
– Kurt Vonnegut
Happiness is not achieved by the conscious pursuit of happiness; it is generally the by-product of other activities.
– Aldous Huxley
There is still a difference between something and nothing, but it is purely geometrical and there is nothing behind the geometry.
– Martin Gardner
You can only be young once. But you can always be immature.
– Dave Barry
A large income is the best recipe for happiness I ever heard of.
– Jane Austen
A door is what a dog is perpetually on the wrong side of.
– Ogden Nash
Laugh and the world laughs with you, snore and you sleep alone.
– Anthony Burgess
It’s never just a game when you’re winning.
– George Carlin
Never be afraid to laugh at yourself, after all, you could be missing out on the joke of the century.
– Dame Edna Everage
All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy and Jill a rich widow.
– Evan Esar
What if nothing exists and we’re all in somebody’s dream? Or what’s worse, what if only that fat guy in the third row exists?
– Woody Allen
You will do foolish things, but do this with enthusiasm.
-Collete
Two roads diverged in a wood, and I–/ I took the one less traveled by, / And that has made all the difference.
– Robert Frost
Against logic there is no armor like ignorance.
– Laurence J. Peter
It is not the strongest of the species that survives, nor the most intelligent, but those most adaptive to change.
Charles Darwin
You must be the change you want to see in the world. -Gandhi
"It’s better to be a pirate than join the navy."
Steve Jobs
Laughter is the closest distance between two people.
– Victor Borge
Some have been thought brave because they were afraid to run away.
– Thomas Fuller
By the time a man realizes that maybe his father was right, he usually has a son who thinks he’s wrong.
– Charles Wadsworth
The trouble with being poor is that it takes up all of your time.
– Willem de Kooning
The trouble about trying to make yourself stupider than you really are is that you very often succeed.
– CS Lewis
At my lemonade stand I used to give the first glass away free and charge five dollars for the second glass. The refill contained the antidote.
– Emo Phillips
Most turkeys taste better the day after; my mother’s tasted better the day before.
– Rita Rudner
Men live in a fantasy world. I know this because I am one, and I actually receive my mail there.
– Scott Adams
Happiness makes up in height for what it lacks in length.
– Robert Frost
You probably wouldn’t worry about what people think of you if you could know how seldom they do.
- Olin Miller
“敢问夫子恶乎长？”曰：“我知言，我善养吾浩然之气。”
“敢问何谓浩然之气？”
曰：“难言也。其为气也，至大至刚，以直养而无害，则塞于天地之间。…”
《孟子·公孙丑上》
A man can be happy with any woman as long as he does not love her.
– Oscar Wilde
When a thing has been said and well, have no scruple. Take it and copy it.
- Anatole France
It is always the best policy to speak the truth–unless, of course, you are an exceptionally good liar.
– Jerome K. Jerome
Many a man who falls in love with a dimple make the mistake of marrying the whole girl.
– Evan Esar
A wise man will make more opportunities than he finds.
– Sir Francis Bacon
The important thing is not to stop questioning.
– Albert Einstein
Any word you have to hunt for in a thesaurus is the wrong word. There are no exceptions to this rule.
– Stephen King
You have to know how to accept rejection and reject acceptance.
– Ray Bradbury
Education is a method whereby one acquires a higher grade of prejudices.
– Laurence J. Peter
The nine most terrifying words in the English language are, ‘I’m from the government and I’m here to help.’
– Ronald Reagan
The key to being a good manager is keeping the people who hate me away from those who are still undecided.
– Casey Stengel
The important work of moving the world forward does not wait to be done by perfect men.
– George Eliot
Nothing succeeds like the appearance of success.
– Christopher Lasch
Always get married early in the morning. That way, if it doesn’t work out, you haven’t wasted a whole day.
– Mickey Rooney
用Ruby复制一个对象(object)也许没有你想像的那么容易. 今天我google了半天, 做个总结吧.
先从最简单的开始, b = a 是复制吗? 看代码说话:
>> a= [0,[1,2]]
>> b=a
>> b[0]=88
>> b[1][0]=99
>> b
=> [88, [99, 2]]
>> a
=> [88, [99, 2]]
从上面代码发现, 一但修改b, 原来的a也同时被改变了. 甚至:
>> b.equal?(a)
=> true
原来b跟a根本就是同一个object, 只是马甲不一样罢了. 所以b = a不是复制.
那 b = a.dup呢?? 还是看代码:
>> a= [0,[1,2]]
>> b=a.dup
>> b[0]=88
>> b[1][0]=99
>> b
=> [88, [99, 2]]
>> a
=> [0, [99, 2]]
情况似乎有所好转, 在修改b后, a还是有一部分被修改了.(0没有变,但原来的1变成了99).
所以dup有时候是复制(如在Array只有一级时), 但有时不是复制哦.
再来一个, b = a.clone呢? 上代码:
>> a= [0,[1,2]]
>> b=a.clone
>> b[0]=88
>> b[1][0]=99
>> b
=> [88, [99, 2]]
>> a
=> [0, [99, 2]]
情况几乎跟dup一模一样. 所以clone也不一定可以相信哦!
原来ruby中的dup和clone都是shallow复制, 只针对object的第一级属性.
汗, 难道在Ruby中没有办法复制对像吗? 也不完全是, 看这个:
>> a= [0,[1,2]]
>> b=Marshal.load(Marshal.dump(a))
>> b[0]=88
>> b[1][0]=99
>> b
=> [88, [99, 2]]
>> a= [0,[1,2]]
=> [0, [1, 2]]
修改b后a没有被改变!!! 似乎终于成功找到复制的办法了!!!
为什么要加"似乎"呢? 因为有些object是不能被Marshal.dump的.如:
>> t=Object.new
>> def t.test; puts ‘test’ end
>> Marshal.dump(t)
TypeError: singleton can’t be dumped
from (irb):59:in `dump’
from (irb):59
更完善的复制方案可以考虑给ruby增加一个deep clone功能, 可以参考以下链接:
http://d.hatena.ne.jp/pegacorn/20070417/1176817721
http://www.artima.com/forums/flat.jsp?forum=123&thread=40913
好了, 复制这个小问题, 没想到也能引出这么长的文章来, 没想到吧?
在文本处理中, CR, LF, CR/LF是不同操作系统上使用的换行符.
Dos和windows采用回车+换行CR/LF表示下一行,
而UNIX/Linux采用换行符LF表示下一行，
苹果机(MAC OS系统)则采用回车符CR表示下一行.
CR用符号’\r’表示, 十进制ASCII代码是13, 十六进制代码为0x0D;
LF使用’\n’符号表示, ASCII代码是10, 十六制为0x0A.
所以Windows平台上换行在文本文件中是使用 0d 0a 两个字节表示, 而UNIX和苹果平台上换行则是使用0a或0d一个字节表示.
一般操作系统上的运行库会自动决定文本文件的换行格式. 如一个程序在windows上运行就生成CR/LF换行格式的文本文件，而在Linux上运行就生成LF格式换行的文本文件.
在一个平台上使用另一种换行符的文件文件可能会带来意想不到的问题, 特别是在编辑程序代码时. 有时候代码在编辑器中显示正常, 但在编辑时却会因为换行符问题而出错.
很多文本/代码编辑器带有换行符转换功能, 使用这个功能可以将文本文件中的换行符在不同格式单互换.
在不同平台间使用FTP软件传送文件时, 在ascii文本模式传输模式下, 一些FTP客户端程序会自动对换行格式进行转换. 经过这种传输的文件字节数可能会发生变化. 如果你不想ftp修改原文件, 可以使用bin模式(二进制模式)传输文本.
前几天在本地服务器测试Google地图的API时发现google报错, 说这个key不能使用. google了一下, 在一个外国论坛发现原来可以为http://127.0.0.1/单独申请一个key, 专用于本地测试使用. 于是马上效仿, 测试通过.
